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1 .管幕工法簡介

2.小口徑鎖扣管幕施工方法

 小(xiao)口徑鎖(suo)扣管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)工(gong)法采用(yong)螺(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)出土套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)跟進(jin)工(gong)藝進(jin)行(xing)施工(gong)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)作(zuo)(zuo)為套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，內部安裝帶有(you)(you)專門鉆頭(tou)的(de)螺(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)鉆桿。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)機(ji)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)螺(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)鉆桿的(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉動(dong)力(li)和套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)頂(ding)推力(li)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)機(ji)頂(ding)進(jin)時，螺(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)鉆桿向鉆頭(tou)傳遞鉆壓和扭矩切(qie)削土層，并(bing)將(jiang)鉆渣由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內螺(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)排到孔(kong)(kong)口管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外。邊頂(ding)進(jin)、邊切(qie)削、邊出渣，將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)逐段向前(qian)頂(ding)進(jin)。每根鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)兩側均焊接有(you)(you)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)下一孔(kong)(kong)位(wei)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)滑(hua)行(xing)并(bing)卡位(wei)的(de)軌道即鎖(suo)扣。后(hou)(hou)續孔(kong)(kong)位(wei)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與相鄰(lin)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)鎖(suo)扣咬合(he)頂(ding)進(jin)，在(zai)(zai)鎖(suo)扣的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)橫向扣接，在(zai)(zai)開挖(wa)線(xian)外形成(cheng)縱向成(cheng)梁、橫向成(cheng)拱的(de)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)帷幕(mu)。為開挖(wa)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)可靠的(de)保(bao)護。另外，為了(le)(le)確保(bao)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)頂(ding)進(jin)精(jing)度，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)施工(gong)的(de)第一根孔(kong)(kong)作(zuo)(zuo)為標(biao)準(zhun)孔(kong)(kong)，標(biao)準(zhun)孔(kong)(kong)的(de)精(jing)度決定了(le)(le)整個(ge)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)的(de)施工(gong)精(jing)度。因此(ci)，標(biao)準(zhun)孔(kong)(kong)頂(ding)進(jin)時要全程進(jin)行(xing)嚴格地光學測量偏差(cha)，如有(you)(you)偏差(cha)隨時進(jin)行(xing)糾偏。若標(biao)準(zhun)孔(kong)(kong)位(wei)置(zhi)基本處于(yu)正常的(de)設計位(wei)置(zhi)，后(hou)(hou)續孔(kong)(kong)位(wei)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)精(jing)度就有(you)(you)了(le)(le)保(bao)證。標(biao)準(zhun)孔(kong)(kong)完成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)，采用(yong)“面向角導向方(fang)法(fa)”可高精度、高效地進(jin)行管(guan)幕的(de)后續孔位鋼管(guan)的(de)頂進(jin)。

3.小口徑鎖扣管幕施工流程

4. 小口徑鎖扣管幕施工特點

⑴螺旋出土套管跟進工藝避免了地層的變形

螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)出(chu)土套管(guan)(guan)跟(gen)進(jin)工藝在一定程度上可以避免地層(ceng)(ceng)的變形。管(guan)(guan)幕施(shi)工時，管(guan)(guan)幕機提(ti)供(gong)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)鉆(zhan)桿的旋(xuan)轉動力和套管(guan)(guan)的頂(ding)(ding)推(tui)力。管(guan)(guan)幕機頂(ding)(ding)進(jin)時，螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)鉆(zhan)桿向鉆(zhan)頭傳遞(di)鉆(zhan)壓和扭矩切削土層(ceng)(ceng)，并將鉆(zhan)渣由管(guan)(guan)內(nei)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)排(pai)到孔口管(guan)(guan)外。鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)頂(ding)(ding)進(jin)過程中，調整(zheng)頂(ding)(ding)進(jin)速度控(kong)制螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)出(chu)土量(liang)(liang)，確保實際出(chu)土量(liang)(liang)≤計算(suan)出(chu)土量(liang)(liang)，適當對地層(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)行擠密，減(jian)少對地層(ceng)(ceng)的擾動，保證鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)頂(ding)(ding)進(jin)、土體切削、出(chu)渣的同步進(jin)行。

實(shi)際施工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，我(wo)們會根據實(shi)際地層情(qing)況及(ji)施工(gong)(gong)要求采用不同尺(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)鎖(suo)扣(kou)尺(chi)寸(cun)。鎖(suo)扣(kou)尺(chi)寸(cun)指(zhi)的(de)(de)是公扣(kou)或母(mu)扣(kou)上邊緣(yuan)與下(xia)邊緣(yuan)的(de)(de)距離，當鎖(suo)扣(kou)尺(chi)寸(cun)較大(da)時，公扣(kou)及(ji)母(mu)扣(kou)的(de)(de)上下(xia)邊緣(yuan)越接近鋼管(guan)的(de)(de)上下(xia)兩端，此(ci)時，相(xiang)鄰鋼管(guan)之間的(de)(de)約束力(li)越大(da)，連接強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)較高，在實(shi)際的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)常采用此(ci)方(fang)法(fa)增加管(guan)幕鋼管(guan)連接強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)。

⑶面向角導向方法能大幅提高控制精度

  精度(du)控制是(shi)鎖扣管(guan)(guan)幕的施(shi)工難點之一。鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)頂(ding)進(jin)過程(cheng)中，施(shi)工鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)與成孔鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)鎖扣間(jian)(jian)存在一定的偏(pian)(pian)轉間(jian)(jian)隙。該偏(pian)(pian)轉(zhuan)間隙的存(cun)在可(ke)使得施(shi)工鋼(gang)管(guan)易發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)偏(pian)轉(zhuan)，施(shi)工鋼(gang)管(guan)的位置(zhi)與設計(ji)位置(zhi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)偏(pian)差，公母鎖(suo)扣之間發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)相互(hu)作用(yong)力，若不及(ji)時(shi)(shi)糾(jiu)正，可(ke)能會(hui)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)侵線(xian)、公母扣脫扣等(deng)現(xian)象(xiang)。小口徑(jing)鎖(suo)扣管(guan)幕施(shi)工方(fang)法(fa)采用(yong)面向角(jiao)導向方(fang)法(fa)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)進行角(jiao)度糾(jiu)偏(pian)，確保鋼(gang)管(guan)頂(ding)進精度。

所謂(wei)面向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)角(jiao)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)是采(cai)用(yong)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)設備對鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)頂(ding)進進行預(yu)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)或預(yu)控(kong)制(zhi)，根(gen)據成孔鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)面向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)角(jiao)及傾角(jiao)變(bian)化情況，對施(shi)工鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)角(jiao)度(du)(du)及方(fang)位(wei)變(bian)化進行判斷和(he)定位(wei)。若(ruo)需要(yao)施(shi)工鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)逆時針偏轉，使則應(ying)及時在鎖扣(kou)位(wei)置處(chu)加墊塊，以(yi)阻止其順時針偏轉。采(cai)用(yong)此方(fang)法，可提高(gao)整(zheng)個施(shi)工的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)精度(du)(du)，保證相鄰鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)間的(de)(de)鎖扣(kou)咬合(he)及整(zheng)個管(guan)(guan)幕鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)打設精度(du)(du)，避免(mian)侵(qin)線事故的(de)(de)發生(sheng)。

⑷長短程結合的管幕機提高了施工效率

  小口徑(jing)鎖扣(kou)管幕采用長短程結合的專(zhuan)利設備SE-GMJ-1200 螺(luo)旋出土跟管(guan)(guan)頂進管(guan)(guan)幕機施工（見圖7）。管幕(mu)鉆機設有短行(xing)程的(de)(de)(de)頂推油缸及長(chang)行(xing)程的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)馬達(da)、傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)鏈條，可實(shi)現(xian)管幕(mu)鋼管的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)頂進及機頭的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)回拖，二者有效(xiao)結合，提高了施工(gong)工(gong)效(xiao)。